South Bend-Mishawaka MSA vs. Michigan
Comparative Trends Analysis:
Per Capita Personal Income Growth and Change, 1969-2022
Introduction
South Bend-Mishawaka MSA vs. Michigan
South Bend-Mishawaka MSA:
2022 PCI = $56,410
2022 Percent of State = 83.24%
Michigan:
2022 PCI = $57,038
Per Capita Income (PCI) is one of the most widely used indicators for gauging the economic performance and changing fortunes of local economies. It is used as a yardstick to assess the economic well being of a region's residents and the quality of consumer markets. It serves as a barometer for calibrating the economic performance of a region over time and to judge differences in relative economic prosperity between regions. Shifting trends in local per capita income growth have important social and political ramifications and significant implications in formulating local economic development strategies and initiatives.
Data Definition:
This measure of income is calculated as the total personal income of the residents of an area divided by the population of the area. Per capita personal income is often used as an indicator of consumers' purchasing power and of the economic well-being of the residents of an area.
Personal income is measured as a flow throughout the year, while the measurement of population is at one point in mid-year. Therefore, per capita income is distorted if a significant change in population occurs during the year.
For smaller counties in particular, per capita income in any given year may be exceptionally high or low for the short run because of unusual local conditions, such as a bumper crop, a catastrophe, or a major construction project as the building of a dam or nuclear power plant.
Farm incomes are notorious for being especially volatile year-to-year, owing to changing weather, commodity market conditions, and alterations in government programs. Therefore, the per capita income of farm-dependent counties may exhibit sharp fluctuations over time.
The presence of large institutional populations--such as residents attending a local college or the residents of a local prison or state mental institution--can significantly lower the per capita income estimates of an area. Such results may not reflect the relative economic well being of the non-institutional population and may mislead if care is not given to their interpretation.
South Bend-Mishawaka MSA Per Capita Personal Income, 1970-2022
Current vs. Constant Dollars
South Bend-Mishawaka MSA Per Capita Personal Income, 1970-2022
Current vs. Constant Dollars
Figure 1.
Figure 1 depicts the South Bend-Mishawaka MSA's annual per capita personal income over 1970-2022 in current and constant (2017) dollars. Constant dollar measurements remove the effects of inflation. They allow for comparison of changes in the real purchasing power of the South Bend-Mishawaka MSA over time.
When measured in current dollars, the South Bend-Mishawaka MSA's per capita personal income increased 1,363.26%, from $3,855 in 1970 to $56,410 in 2022. When measured in constant 2017 dollars to adjust for inflation, it advanced 149.24%, from $19,504 in 1970 to $48,611 in 2022.
Real Per Capita Personal Income, 1969-2022
Real Per Capita Personal Income, 1969-2022
Figure 2.
Figure 2 traces the South Bend-Mishawaka MSA's and Michigan's annual real per capita personal income for the period 1969-2022 to illustrate real per capita personal income patterns over time. During this 54-year period, the South Bend-Mishawaka MSA's real per capita personal income rose from $19,884 in 1969 to $48,611 in 2022, for a net gain of $28,727, or 144.47%. In comparison, Michigan's real per capita personal income increased from $21,752 in 1969 to $49,152 in 2022, for a net advance of $27,400, or 125.96%.
Real Per Capita Personal Income Indices (1969=100): 1969-2022
Real Per Capita Personal Income Indices (1969=100): 1969-2022
Figure 3.
Figure 3 portrays the South Bend-Mishawaka MSA's real per capita personal income growth in a broader context by offering direct comparisons across time with Michigan, the United States. The growth indices shown here express each region's real per capita personal income in 1969 as a base figure of 100, and the real per capita personal incomes in later years as a percentage of the 1969 base figure. This method allows for more direct comparison of differences in real per capita personal income growth between regions that may differ vastly in size.
The South Bend-Mishawaka MSA's overall real per capita personal income growth was 144.47% over 1969-2022 outpaced Michigan's increase of 125.96%, and fell below the United States' increase of 171.04%.
Per Capita Personal Income as a Percent of the U.S. Average: 1969-2022
Per Capita Personal Income as a Percent of the U.S. Average: 1969-2022
Figure 4.
Figure 4 displays the trends for per capita personal income relative to the national average by tracing the South Bend-Mishawaka MSA and Michigan per capita personal income as a percent of the national average over 1969-2022.
In 1969, the South Bend-Mishawaka MSA's per capita personal income amounted to 95.53% of the national average; in 2022, it approximated 86.16%. Similarly, in 1969, Michigan's per capita personal income totaled 104.50% of the national average; in 2022, it consisted of 87.12%.
South Bend-Mishawaka MSA Real Per Capita Personal Income:
Annual Percent Change, 1970-2022
South Bend-Mishawaka MSA Real Per Capita Personal Income:
Annual Percent Change, 1970-2022
Figure 5.
Figure 5 highlights the short-run pattern of the South Bend-Mishawaka MSA's real per capita personal income growth by tracking the year-to-year percent change over 1970-2022. The average annual percent change for the entire 53-year period is also traced on this chart to provide a benchmark for gauging periods of relative high--and relative low--growth against the backdrop of the long-term average.
On average, the South Bend-Mishawaka MSA's real per capita personal income grew at an annual rate of 1.73% over 1970-2022. The South Bend-Mishawaka MSA posted its highest growth in 1972 (6.92%) and posted its lowest growth in 2009 (-5.23%). In 2022, the South Bend-Mishawaka MSA's real per capita personal income declined by -4.05%
South Bend-Mishawaka MSA Real Per Capita Personal Income:
Annual Percent Change and Decade Averages Over 1970-2022
South Bend-Mishawaka MSA Real Per Capita Personal Income:
Annual Percent Change and Decade Averages Over 1970-2022
Figure 6.
Over the past five decades some msas have experienced extreme swings in growth, and often such swings have tended to coincide with the decades themselves. Figure 6 again traces the annual percent change in the South Bend-Mishawaka MSA's real per capita personal income since 1970, but this time they are displayed with average growth rates for the decade of the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, 2000s, 2010s, and 2020-2022.
During the 1970s, the South Bend-Mishawaka MSA's annual real per capita personal income growth rate averaged 2.22%. It averaged 1.73% in the 1980s, 2.23% during the 1990s, 0.31% in the 2000s, 1.96% throughout the 2010s, 2.45% thus far this decade (2020-2022).
Real Per Capita Personal Income Growth:
Average Annual Percent Change by Decade
Real Per Capita Personal Income Growth:
Average Annual Percent Change by Decade
Figure 7.
Figure 7 compares the decade average growth rates for the South Bend-Mishawaka MSA noted in the previous graph with the corresponding decade averages for Michigan and the nation. As the chart reveals, the South Bend-Mishawaka MSA's average annual real per capita personal income growth posted below Michigan's average during the 1970s (2.22% vs. 2.33%), registered above Michigan's average throughout the 1980s (1.73% vs. 1.67%), registered above Michigan's average throughout the 1990s (2.23% vs. 2.18%), led Michigan's average in the 2000s (0.31% vs. -0.26%), posted below Michigan's average during the 2010s (1.96% vs. 2.00%), and registered above Michigan's average over the 3 year period of the current decade, 2020-2022 (2.45% vs. 1.70%).
Finally, relative to nationwide real per capita personal income growth trends, the South Bend-Mishawaka MSA lagged the nation over the 1970s (2.22% vs. 2.37%), posted below the nation in the 1980s (1.73% vs. 2.19%), exceeded the nation during the 1990s (2.23% vs. 2.01%), fell under the nation during the 2000s (0.31% vs. 1.10%), fell below the nation throughout the 2010s (1.96% vs. 1.97%), and recorded above the nation over 2020-2022 (2.45% vs. 1.78%).
   
 
Real* Per Capita Personal Income Growth:
Average Annual Percent Change
 
 
 
1.73
2.22
1.73
2.23
0.31
1.96
2.45
-4.05
 
1.59
2.33
1.67
2.18
-0.26
2.00
1.70
-5.34
 
1.92
2.37
2.19
2.01
1.10
1.97
1.78
-4.55
 
   

Interactive TableTip: To augment your analysis click on the column headers in the following table to rank and/or sort the data.

   
 
South Bend-Mishawaka MSA:
Per Capita Personal Income, 1969-2022
 
1969
 
3,755
0.189
19,884
100.0
N
90.73
95.53
1970
 
3,855
0.198
19,504
98.1
-1.91
87.43
91.83
1971
 
4,122
0.206
20,006
100.6
2.58
87.87
92.21
1972
 
4,558
0.213
21,391
107.6
6.92
89.61
93.85
1973
 
5,089
0.225
22,664
114.0
5.95
91.36
94.89
1974
 
5,496
0.248
22,166
111.5
-2.20
90.43
94.17
1975
 
5,945
0.269
22,133
111.3
-0.15
90.28
94.01
1976
 
6,546
0.283
23,104
116.2
4.38
91.30
95.21
1977
 
7,188
0.302
23,822
119.8
3.11
91.63
95.65
1978
 
7,967
0.323
24,683
124.1
3.62
91.42
95.34
1979
 
8,665
0.351
24,656
124.0
-0.11
89.98
93.85
1980
 
9,394
0.389
24,130
121.4
-2.13
88.13
92.24
1981
 
10,354
0.424
24,411
122.8
1.16
87.77
91.70
1982
 
10,889
0.448
24,323
122.3
-0.36
86.87
90.82
1983
 
11,648
0.467
24,955
125.5
2.60
87.55
91.71
1984
 
12,810
0.484
26,445
133.0
5.97
88.18
92.23
1985
 
13,379
0.501
26,690
134.2
0.93
86.62
90.73
1986
 
14,198
0.512
27,721
139.4
3.86
87.49
91.71
1987
 
14,992
0.528
28,394
142.8
2.43
88.11
92.39
1988
 
15,849
0.549
28,888
145.3
1.74
86.54
90.87
1989
 
16,722
0.573
29,202
146.9
1.09
85.52
89.62
1990
 
17,278
0.598
28,905
145.4
-1.02
84.07
88.07
1991
 
17,646
0.618
28,565
143.7
-1.18
84.15
88.01
1992
 
18,843
0.634
29,711
149.4
4.01
85.62
89.40
1993
 
19,764
0.650
30,406
152.9
2.34
87.22
91.02
1994
 
20,835
0.664
31,399
157.9
3.26
88.65
92.39
1995
 
21,644
0.678
31,944
160.7
1.74
87.91
91.80
1996
 
22,447
0.692
32,437
163.1
1.54
87.03
90.79
1997
 
23,487
0.704
33,360
167.8
2.84
86.79
90.60
1998
 
25,261
0.710
35,595
179.0
6.70
87.87
91.88
1999
 
26,165
0.720
36,339
182.8
2.09
87.42
91.51
2000
 
27,186
0.738
36,826
185.2
1.34
84.87
88.99
2001
 
27,945
0.753
37,110
186.6
0.77
84.71
88.58
2002
 
28,736
0.763
37,666
189.4
1.50
86.52
90.36
2003
 
29,227
0.779
37,521
188.7
-0.39
85.84
89.49
2004
 
30,780
0.798
38,559
193.9
2.77
86.45
90.05
2005
 
31,767
0.821
38,681
194.5
0.32
85.44
89.06
2006
 
33,558
0.844
39,741
199.9
2.74
84.90
88.68
2007
 
34,687
0.866
40,051
201.4
0.78
83.98
87.62
2008
 
35,187
0.892
39,461
198.5
-1.47
82.83
86.13
2009
 
33,255
0.889
37,398
188.1
-5.23
81.61
84.60
2010
 
34,397
0.905
38,002
191.1
1.61
81.91
84.81
2011
 
36,492
0.928
39,322
197.8
3.47
82.73
85.56
2012
 
37,942
0.945
40,136
201.8
2.07
82.88
85.77
2013
 
38,384
0.958
40,075
201.5
-0.15
83.72
86.45
2014
 
39,987
0.971
41,173
207.1
2.74
83.59
86.39
2015
 
42,399
0.973
43,576
219.1
5.84
85.24
88.22
2016
 
42,712
0.983
43,458
218.6
-0.27
84.15
87.22
2017
 
44,579
1.000
44,579
224.2
2.58
84.30
87.40
2018
 
46,534
1.020
45,600
229.3
2.29
84.16
87.29
2019
 
46,944
1.035
45,351
228.1
-0.55
81.50
84.51
2020
 
50,113
1.046
47,893
240.9
5.60
81.88
84.72
2021
 
55,221
1.090
50,661
254.8
5.78
82.83
85.71
2022
 
56,410
1.160
48,611
244.5
-4.05
83.24
86.16
Source: Calculations by the Michigan Regional Economic Analysis Project (MI-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
November 2023
REAP_PI_CA1400_700_PSN
 
   

Interactive TableTip: To augment your analysis click on the column headers in the following table to rank and/or sort the data.

   
 
Michigan:
Per Capita Personal Income, 1969-2022
 
1969
 
4,107
0.189
21,752
100.0
N
104.50
1970
 
4,200
0.198
21,246
97.7
-2.33
100.04
1971
 
4,530
0.206
21,986
101.1
3.48
101.33
1972
 
5,001
0.213
23,470
107.9
6.75
102.97
1973
 
5,554
0.225
24,733
113.7
5.38
103.56
1974
 
5,918
0.248
23,871
109.7
-3.48
101.42
1975
 
6,340
0.269
23,604
108.5
-1.12
100.26
1976
 
7,070
0.283
24,952
114.7
5.71
102.83
1977
 
7,913
0.302
26,224
120.6
5.10
105.29
1978
 
8,778
0.323
27,196
125.0
3.71
105.05
1979
 
9,566
0.351
27,220
125.1
0.09
103.61
1980
 
10,232
0.389
26,284
120.8
-3.44
100.47
1981
 
10,987
0.424
25,904
119.1
-1.45
97.31
1982
 
11,492
0.448
25,669
118.0
-0.91
95.85
1983
 
12,333
0.467
26,423
121.5
2.94
97.11
1984
 
13,594
0.484
28,065
129.0
6.21
97.88
1985
 
14,710
0.501
29,345
134.9
4.56
99.75
1986
 
15,553
0.512
30,365
139.6
3.48
100.46
1987
 
16,003
0.528
30,308
139.3
-0.19
98.62
1988
 
17,074
0.549
31,120
143.1
2.68
97.89
1989
 
18,313
0.573
31,982
147.0
2.77
98.15
1990
 
19,048
0.598
31,865
146.5
-0.36
97.09
1991
 
19,312
0.618
31,263
143.7
-1.89
96.32
1992
 
20,265
0.634
31,953
146.9
2.21
96.15
1993
 
21,198
0.650
32,612
149.9
2.06
97.63
1994
 
22,660
0.664
34,149
157.0
4.71
100.48
1995
 
23,767
0.678
35,079
161.3
2.72
100.81
1996
 
24,773
0.692
35,798
164.6
2.05
100.19
1997
 
25,800
0.704
36,644
168.5
2.36
99.52
1998
 
27,286
0.710
38,449
176.8
4.92
99.25
1999
 
28,506
0.720
39,591
182.0
2.97
99.70
2000
 
30,250
0.738
40,977
188.4
3.50
99.02
2001
 
30,694
0.753
40,762
187.4
-0.53
97.29
2002
 
30,595
0.763
40,103
184.4
-1.62
96.21
2003
 
31,267
0.779
40,141
184.5
0.10
95.74
2004
 
32,092
0.798
40,202
184.8
0.15
93.88
2005
 
32,756
0.821
39,885
183.4
-0.79
91.83
2006
 
33,563
0.844
39,748
182.7
-0.34
88.69
2007
 
34,669
0.866
40,030
184.0
0.71
87.57
2008
 
35,826
0.892
40,177
184.7
0.37
87.69
2009
 
34,247
0.889
38,514
177.1
-4.14
87.13
2010
 
35,635
0.905
39,369
181.0
2.22
87.86
2011
 
37,689
0.928
40,612
186.7
3.16
88.37
2012
 
39,043
0.945
41,301
189.9
1.70
88.26
2013
 
39,293
0.958
41,024
188.6
-0.67
88.50
2014
 
40,830
0.971
42,041
193.3
2.48
88.21
2015
 
42,984
0.973
44,177
203.1
5.08
89.44
2016
 
44,081
0.983
44,851
206.2
1.52
90.01
2017
 
45,264
1.000
45,264
208.1
0.92
88.75
2018
 
47,088
1.020
46,144
212.1
1.94
88.33
2019
 
48,569
1.035
46,921
215.7
1.68
87.44
2020
 
52,786
1.046
50,448
231.9
7.52
89.24
2021
 
56,601
1.090
51,927
238.7
2.93
87.85
2022
 
57,038
1.160
49,152
226.0
-5.34
87.12
Source: Calculations by the Michigan Regional Economic Analysis Project (MI-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
November 2023
REAP_PI_CA1400_700_PSN
 
   

Interactive TableTip: To augment your analysis click on the column headers in the following table to rank and/or sort the data.

   
 
United States:
Per Capita Personal Income, 1969-2022
 
1969
 
3,931
0.189
20,816
100.0
N
1970
 
4,198
0.198
21,238
102.0
2.03
1971
 
4,471
0.206
21,697
104.2
2.16
1972
 
4,857
0.213
22,793
109.5
5.05
1973
 
5,363
0.225
23,883
114.7
4.78
1974
 
5,836
0.248
23,537
113.1
-1.45
1975
 
6,324
0.269
23,544
113.1
0.03
1976
 
6,875
0.283
24,265
116.6
3.07
1977
 
7,516
0.302
24,906
119.6
2.64
1978
 
8,356
0.323
25,889
124.4
3.95
1979
 
9,232
0.351
26,271
126.2
1.47
1980
 
10,184
0.389
26,160
125.7
-0.42
1981
 
11,291
0.424
26,621
127.9
1.76
1982
 
11,990
0.448
26,781
128.7
0.60
1983
 
12,701
0.467
27,210
130.7
1.61
1984
 
13,889
0.484
28,674
137.7
5.38
1985
 
14,746
0.501
29,417
141.3
2.59
1986
 
15,482
0.512
30,227
145.2
2.75
1987
 
16,228
0.528
30,733
147.6
1.67
1988
 
17,442
0.549
31,790
152.7
3.44
1989
 
18,658
0.573
32,584
156.5
2.50
1990
 
19,619
0.598
32,821
157.7
0.73
1991
 
20,050
0.618
32,457
155.9
-1.11
1992
 
21,077
0.634
33,234
159.7
2.39
1993
 
21,713
0.650
33,405
160.5
0.51
1994
 
22,552
0.664
33,986
163.3
1.74
1995
 
23,577
0.678
34,798
167.2
2.39
1996
 
24,725
0.692
35,729
171.6
2.67
1997
 
25,925
0.704
36,822
176.9
3.06
1998
 
27,493
0.710
38,740
186.1
5.21
1999
 
28,592
0.720
39,711
190.8
2.51
2000
 
30,551
0.738
41,384
198.8
4.21
2001
 
31,548
0.753
41,895
201.3
1.23
2002
 
31,801
0.763
41,684
200.2
-0.50
2003
 
32,659
0.779
41,928
201.4
0.59
2004
 
34,183
0.798
42,821
205.7
2.13
2005
 
35,669
0.821
43,432
208.6
1.43
2006
 
37,843
0.844
44,816
215.3
3.19
2007
 
39,588
0.866
45,710
219.6
1.99
2008
 
40,854
0.892
45,816
220.1
0.23
2009
 
39,307
0.889
44,204
212.4
-3.52
2010
 
40,557
0.905
44,808
215.3
1.36
2011
 
42,649
0.928
45,956
220.8
2.56
2012
 
44,237
0.945
46,795
224.8
1.83
2013
 
44,401
0.958
46,357
222.7
-0.94
2014
 
46,287
0.971
47,659
229.0
2.81
2015
 
48,060
0.973
49,394
237.3
3.64
2016
 
48,971
0.983
49,826
239.4
0.88
2017
 
51,004
1.000
51,004
245.0
2.36
2018
 
53,309
1.020
52,240
251.0
2.42
2019
 
55,547
1.035
53,662
257.8
2.72
2020
 
59,153
1.046
56,533
271.6
5.35
2021
 
64,430
1.090
59,110
284.0
4.56
2022
 
65,470
1.160
56,419
271.0
-4.55
Source: Calculations by the Michigan Regional Economic Analysis Project (MI-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
November 2023
REAP_PI_CA1400_700_PN
 
   
Copyright © 2023. Pacific Northwest Regional Economic Analysis Project (PNREAP). All Rights Reserved.

Please stay tuned...
while your request is processing:

Please wait while your request is being processed...
To offer the most comprehensive set of interactive options in support of your research, MI-REAP calculates and crunches most of the data and generates the narrative and graphic analysis on demand in response to your request.
Your request will soon be available.
Just a few more seconds....Your request has been generated and is now loading the results.